Today in the car, scanning the ranges of LW and MW stopped at a frequency of 277 kHz. I decided to find out where it is located and why it was well audible.

The radio beacons are used in civil aviation for instrumental landing for aircraft, for the exact approach to the end of the runway.
НавNavigation radio systems are announced in section 6 of Appendices 10 International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO "Annex 10-Volume II 6-1 10/11/16 Chapter 6. Aeronautical Radio Navigation Service".

NDB beacons are radiated in all directions the same (non -focused) and work in the frequency range of long and medium waves (between 190 khz and 1750 khz), where the supporting and identification signal (1-2, less often 3 letters) is transmitted with a slow alphabet of the Morse. Lighthouses are set near airfields for a more accurate execution by pre -just maneuver aircraft. On the aircraft there is a device - a radio compass. With the deviation of its arrow 0 °, the plane is directed by the nose exactly at the radio beacon. Deviation from the direct direction in degrees is called BEarING.For example if relative to the direction BEarING is 90 °, the radio beacon is located on the right (at 15 hours) without a magnificent declension.

Lighthouses for aircraft are divided into distant and nearby. Far beacons are located around the distance from the runway up to 10 km, the nearby - BPRM are located next to the end of the runway. The plane flies first in the area of ​​the long-range drive, on the landing line above the near NDB-beak.

2.16. Installation of the OPRS at the airfield is carried out at the continuation of the axis of the runway at a distance from the threshold of the runway to 10 km. ...
2.17. The equipment of the landing system consists of two MRM drives* (distant and near) and is intended for the aircraft drive, to the airfield area, the prerequisite of the maneuver and approaching.

Federal Aviation Rules "Radio Engineering of Flights of Air Courts and Aviation Electro Square"

Correspondence of the call sign and frequencies of Pulkovo airport:

277 kHz - approaching drive strip  28L, call sign "PO" 
572 kHz - close drive of the strip 28L, call sign "O" 

342 kHz - approaching drive strip  10R, call sign "PK" 
700 kHz - close drive of the strip 10R, call sign "K" 

326 kHz - approaching drive strip  10l, call sign "PU" 
625 kHz - close drive of the strip 10L, call sign "U" 

525 kHz - approaching drive strip  28R, call sign "PL" 
960 kHz - close drive of the strip 28R, call sign "L"

The location of the lighthouses "Pulkovo" in the LW-MW bands on the map:

• MRM - marker radio beacon.

The frequencies, call sign and the coordinates of the radio beacons for the Pulkovo airport are obtained from open sources:
Pilotnav.com: airporT Ulli
Jeppesen st.petersburg Russia / ULLI/LED / PulkOVO

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