Solving the problem when installing the nvidia-driver-390 driver using the dpkg-divert commands.

Background

В Linux Lite 20.04 (domestic OS based on Ubuntu with a lightweight interface) works at my home and I am happy with it (for AMD Phenom(tm) II X3 710). In the operating system for the GF119 [GeForce GT 610] video card, the nvidia-driver-390 driver was installed and worked perfectly. In the terminal I executed the command by mistake ubuntu-drivers install , которая удалила драйвер nvidia-driver-390 и попыталась установить ранее не выбранный пакет nvidia-340.

Reason

nvidia-340 is the recommended driver in Ubuntu.

sudo ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd0000104Asv00001043sd0000847Bbc03sc00i00
vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
model : GF119 [GeForce GT 610]
driver: nvidia-340 - third-party non-free recommended
driver : nvidia-driver-390 - third-party non-free
driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

As a result of executing the command sudo ubuntu-drivers install, the nvidia-340 driver did not install due to the error:

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.108-0ubuntu5.20.04.2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite "/usr/bin/nvidia-bug-report.sh" which is already in package nvidia-utils-390 390.157-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
pkg-deb: ошибка: вставка subprocess was killed by signal (Обрыв канала)
Errors occurred while processing the following packages:
/var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.108-0ubuntu5.20.04.2_amd64.deb

The nvidia-driver-390 driver also failed to install due to another error:

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390

dpkg-divert: error: package mismatch
when uninstalling "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 was rejected due to libnvidia-gl-390"
found "deviation of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340"
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-NZZNFn/04-libnvidia-gl-390_390.157-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
new libnvidia-gl-390:amd64 package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2

So the command ubuntu-drivers install I uninstalled one driver and could not install another.

Trying to restore broken packages didn't help.

sudo apt --fix-broken install

dpkg-divert: error: package mismatch
when uninstalling "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 was rejected due to libnvidia-gl-390"
found "deviation of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340"

Solution

Studying errors

From the output of the commands I learned the reason - some “deviations” in the libraries:

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390

dpkg-divert: error: package mismatch
_when deleted "deviation/usr/lib/x8664-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 due to libnvidia-gl-390"
found "deviation...

I started looking into it and found out about a team I was unfamiliar with dpkg-divert.

Help about the program man dpkg-divert:

dpkg-divert- override package file version

--list glob-pattern
Список отклонений, соответствующих шаблону glob-pattern.

Listing deviations using dpkg-divert --list

dpkg-divert --list nvidia | grep nvidia-340

or like this:

If the system is healthy, the list should be empty. In my case, candidates for correction appeared:

dpkg-divert --list | grep nvidia-340

rejection of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejecting /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejecting /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejecting /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.distrib due to nvidia-340
rejection of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib due to nvidia-340

Correction of deviations

I consistently corrected all the “deviations” using the commands:

sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so.2
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libEGL.so.1
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv1_CM.so.1
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so
sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1

I also corrected the main deviation:

sudo dpkg-divert --remove --no-rename /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so

where are the keys:

--remove removes a deviation from a file...
--no-rename specifies to remove rather than rename the deviation (relevant for important packages that should reliably disappear from the dpkg database).

Package reinstallation: now successful

sudo apt install --reinstall libnvidia-gl-390

Reading package lists... Done
Building a dependency tree
Reading status information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libnvidia-gl-390

etc.

DKMS: install completed.
The package xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-390 (390.157-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) is being configured...
The package nvidia-driver-390 (390.157-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) is being configured...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.18) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.8) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-216-lowlatency
I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/sda7
I: (UUID=7a17fe7e-acee-4c19-8641-1fdd39d0364d)
I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.

Reboot

Now that the driver is installed and the video card driver has been added to the dkms kernel, I rebooted:

sudo shutdown --reboot now

sudo shutdown --halt now

or

sudo poweroff --reboot

sudo poweroff --halt

Result - 2D works

Source:https://forum.ubuntu.ru/index.php?topic=301381.0

Addition: video acceleration library

Checking video acceleration: vainfo command

vainfo

There should be no errors, in my command output there is an error indicating that libva doesn't work.

libva info: VA-API version 1.7.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/nvidia_drv_video.so
libva info: va_openDriver() returns -1
vaInitialize failed with error code -1 (unknown libva error),exit

Made to speed up the video

sudo apt install mesa-va-drivers mesa-vdpau-drivers

Older Ununtu Linux requires vdpau-va-driver, which is not there.

sudo apt install vdpau-va-driver

E: No installation candidate was found for package 'vdpau-va-driver'.

Video acceleration solution for vdpau in Ubuntu 20.04

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/cosmic/amd64/vdpau-va-driver/0.7.4-6ubuntu1

Command to install from the directory where the file is downloaded:

sudo dpkg -i vdpau-va-driver_0.7.4-6ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Checking vainfo

vainfo

Result:

libva info: VA-API version 1.7.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/nvidia_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_0
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.7 (libva 2.6.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Splitted-Desktop Systems VDPAU backend for VA-API - 0.7.4
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
      VAProfileMPEG2Simple            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG2Main              : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG4Simple            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG4AdvancedSimple    : VAEntrypointVLD
                     : VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Simple              : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Main                : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Advanced            : VAEntrypointVLD

When you start playing FullHD video from any site, for example,Vimeo, CPU load 56%.

Then I applied the Mozilla Firefox setting to speed up the browser - article enabling hardware acceleration in the FireFox browser. Enabled the parameter media.hardware-video-decoding.enabled = true in about:config - processor load 50-65%.

Related publications

Fixing Linux Mint boot problem with integrated Intel graphics card

Stop and disable TimeShift to save disk space

Troubleshooting L2TP/IPsec connection errors "Could not add IPsec connection" and "no acceptable traffic selectors found"

Hard disk partitioning for installing Linux Mint on an old PC with BIOS in GPT mode

Updating Linux Mint 21.3 Virginia to Linux Mint 22.3 Zena