--- title: 'CIFS and Samba: Connection to the General Windows folders' url: 'https://ra1ahq.blog/en/cifs-i-samba-podklyuchenie-k-obshim-papkam-windows' markdown: 'https://ra1ahq.blog/en/cifs-i-samba-podklyuchenie-k-obshim-papkam-windows.md' lang: en date: '2022-08-25' description: 'For work, it is necessary to connect from Linux to the common Windows folder to pick up or transfer files. Organizations in 99% use computers running Windows, so you have to connect from Linux to Windows. Samba' taxonomy: category: - blog tag: - Linux archives_month: - aug_2022 archives_year: - '2022' --- # CIFS and Samba: Connection to the General Windows folders 25 August 2022 16:00 ### CIFS and Samba: Connection to the General Windows folders [Linux](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/tag:Linux) 25 August 2022 16:00 For work, it is necessary to connect from Linux to the common Windows folder to pick up or transfer files. Organizations in 99% use computers running Windows, so you have to connect from Linux to Windows. ### Samba installation of a client in Linux ``` sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install samba-client sudo apt-get install cifs-utils ``` For the convenience of viewing the network environment in GUI, the file manager **nautilus** with the addition **nautilus-lure** is convenient ``` sudo apt-get install nautilus nautilus-share ``` ### View common network resources using a command line #### Calling the Samba client for viewing server resources from the command line: 1\) View common folders provided for general access on the network for local server users ``` smbclient -L //192.168.100.10 -U Username%Password ``` or ``` smbclient -L //servername -U Username%Password ``` Where: 192.168.100.10 - IP server address, servername - server name, USERNAME - local server user, password - user's password 2\) viewing common folders provided for general access to the domain users ``` smbclient -L //192.168.100.10 -U Domain/Username%Password ``` or ``` smbclient -L //192.168.100.10 -U Username%Password -W Domain ``` or by name ``` smbclient -L //servername -U Username%Password -W Domain ``` Where Domain is the name of the Active Directory domain. Or (so as not to report the password in the command parameters every time) Create a file ~/.SmbCredentials With the entrance data: `username=User_name` `password=Password` `domain=standalone_server_or_domain_name` Then, joining the network catalog: ``` smbclient //server/share --authentication-file=/home/vladimir/.smbcredentials ``` #### Connecting to a common Samba folder in interactive mode The same thing, but without a key -l, but with the parameter - the name of the general folder, in this case "share" ``` smbclient //192.168.100.10/share -U Domain/Username%Password ``` or ``` smbclient //servername/share -U Domain/Username%Password ``` or ``` smbclient //servername/share -U Username%Password -W Domain ``` After a successful entrance, an invitation will appear ``` smb: \> ``` You can enter commands, for example, HELP or DIR. The SMBClient interface using commands resembles a FTP client. ### Connection to general folders using the Nautilus file manager After the launch of Nautilus, select **"+ other places"** on the left side of the window \*\* - viewing the local network will open, where you can view computers on the network that have common folders. ### Solving the problem with the connection: Getting rid of the error -13 Access Denied, or nt\_status\_access\_denied Error:`CIFS: VFS: cifs_mount failed w/return code = -13"` This error can only be solved by setting up rights on the server. To open the overall viewing folder, you need **three** conditions: 1\) The user is indicated among the users of the server *Il domain* (or access type Guest is allowed) 2\) provided (not limited) access to the file system. 3\) Dan access to a particular network folder - for example, the user is included in the user group, to which it is given access to the common folder. The last, third condition is the most strict. It is necessary that the server administrator grant the right to the user (include it in a group of users of a common folder). The most interesting thing is that the administrator’s rights do not guarantee it, he will be full rights to access to a common folder, because It is necessary that the user "Administrator" be included in the group, which is granted the rights to the *danu* network folder. In this regard, the administrator does not differ from the OTER/NOBODY group: it will receive Mount Error (13): Permission Denied because it is not included in the group of users of the network folder. ### Using the Mount command Instead of **`smbclient`** you can use the command **`mount`**. First you need to create mount points and give the right to access the folder, for example: ``` sudo mkdir /mnt/cifs sudo chmod 0777 /mnt/cifs ``` Examples of using the Mount team with network folders: ``` sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.20.222/share /mnt/cifs -o user=Vlad,pass=Str0ngPa$$word ls /mnt/cifs sudo umount //192.168.20.222/share ls /mnt/cifs ``` Or the same thing with the .SmbCredientials file: ``` sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.20.222/share /mnt/cifs -o credentials=/home/vladimir/.smbcredentials ``` If the name of the network folder contains gaps ("Share with Spaces in Name"), you need to enter as follows: ``` sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.20.222/share\ with\ spaces\ in\ name /mnt/cifs -o credentials=/home/vladimir/.smbcredentials ``` **Note:** So that after executing the *mount* commanded folder, it would work not only for reading, but also to write to the remote oven, you need to compare the remote user with the Linux local user, using the parameters **UID = 1000, Gid-1000** . Where 1000 is to replace Linux with a UID and GID user (displayed by the command `id`). Or add to the parameters **-o noperm, iOCHARSET = UTF8** . In the key keys, you can set the Samba version, which we use to connect. For example, for SMB2: **Vers = 2.0** or for smb3 **Vers = 3.0** . Examples: ``` sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.20.222/share\ with\ spaces\ in\ name /mnt/cifs -o user=username,pass=password,uid=1000,gid=1000 sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.20.222/share\ with\ spaces\ in\ name /mnt/cifs -o credentials=/home/vladimir/.smbcredentials,vers=2.0,noperm ``` If the specified version of Samba (for example, SMB3) is not supported by the server, an error will be displayed `"mount error(95): Operation not supported."`. Adding the Nofail parameter is useful when it is not known whether the remote computer (server) is turned on or not. ### Mounting a network folder during download (file /etc /fstab) Line syntax in /etc /fstab: ``` //[URL]/[sharename] /mnt/[mountpoint] cifs vers=3.0,credentials=/home/username/.sharelogin,iocharset=utf8,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,uid=[username],gid=[username],nofail 0 0 ``` Where: `//[URL]/[sharename]` - server and network folder name `/mnt/[mountpoint]` - mount point on the local computer `vers=3.0` - force installation of the SMB3 protocol version (or vers=2.0 - if the client and server only support SMB2) `credentials=/home/username/.sharelogin` - specifying a file with the username, password and login domain `iocharset=utf8` - direct indication of the utf8 character set (not necessary if it works without it) `file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777` - access rights when executing mount `uid=[username],gid=[username]` - uid and gid data from the output of the command `cat /etc/passwd | grep username` `nofail` - OS loading will continue even if the URL server is unavailable. Other parameters: `defaults` - includes the options rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async. Usually goes first, because you can override individual options on the line later, for example: defaults, noexec, ro - no execution, read only. `rw` is obviously read-write on the client side (which is the opposite of **ro** - read-only (**write protected**). `suid` - prohibits the use of the SUID (Set-User-IDentifier) or SGID (Set-Group-IDentifier) authority bits. Roughly speaking, it prohibits the transfer of some rights using the SUID and SGID bits - the rights must be set explicitly. `auto` - used in /etc/fstab - allows automatic mounting of network resources when executing the mount -a command `noauto` - prevents fstab from automatically mounting the folder when executing the mount -a command. `nouser` - direct prohibition on “manual” mounting by all users except root (does not affect mounting during OS boot) `guest` - for accessing "guest" shared folders that are accessible over the network without specifying a username and password. `async` - data is written to the network folder whenever possible - the default value. Improves productivity. `sync` - immediate recording to a remote computer (without using buffers), not recommended. `noperm` - disables the client's built-in rights checking. They use noperm if they seem to have rights, but it is not possible to create a file for writing, for example, programmatically, due to incompatibility in the implementation of CIFS on the client and server. `noexec` - direct prohibition of launching executable files from a network folder `noatime` - do not update the file creation time (improves performance, but reduces information content) `nounix` - disable Linux extensions: do not use symbolic links. Used to disable symbolic links for Windows compatibility. `mfsymlinks` - key for Minshall+French style symbolic links. This link style is supported on Windows and Mac. Examples of the line in FSTAB (where the entry data are indicated in the /etc/.SmbCredientials file): ``` //192.168.20.222/share_name rw,auto,nofail,credentials=/etc/.smbcredentials 0 0 ``` If in/etc/hosts or the local DNS server the names of the machines are spelled out, instead of IP addresses, you can connect a general folder named: // Server/Share. FSTAB -based installation team: ``` sudo mount -a ``` All discs based on /etc /fstab will be changed with the exception of the "Noauto" parameter. ### Brief Samba settings in Windows (protocols SMB1, SMB2, SMB3) Samba Protocol has three versions 1, 2 and 3. The SMB1 protocol is included if the organization has cars for Windows XP. In other cases, they try to turn off SMB1 as unsafe. On and off in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008R2 is made using a registry, parameters HKEY\_LOCAL\_MACHINE \\ System \\ CurrentControlset \\ Services \\ Lanmanserver \\ Parameters Dword type parameters SMB1 = 0 SMB2 = 1 In Windows 8, Windows 10, 11, Windows Server 2012, 2016 and above the PowerShell command is used GET-SMBSERVERCONFIGURATION | Select Enablesmb1Protocol, Enablesmb2Protocol SET -SMBSERVERCONFIGURATION -ENABLESMB2PROTOCOL $ TRUE These commanders do not work in the early versions of Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008R2. Also, SMB3 does not work in Win7 - for more details see.[Here is WinitPro.ru](https://winitpro.ru/index.php/2014/12/01/podderzhka-smb-1-0-v-windows-server-2012-r2/). --- **Links:** - [man mount.cifs](https://manpages.org/mountcifs/8) ### Related publications [ ![](https://ra1ahq.blog/images/6/8/1/3/3/68133cc0ab7ddf32ba1a9c7eaeef3a6fa562e88f-msg.png) Tox Messenger ](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/tox-messenger) [ ![](https://ra1ahq.blog/images/f/3/a/2/c/f3a2c07ef5b32c0308ab703405a5a5ca87b75283-archer-ac600-728.webp) Installing the kernel driver for the TP-Link Wi-Fi adapter after updating the Debian OS ](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/ustanovka-draivera-yadra-dlya-wi-fi-adaptera-tp-link-posle-obnovleniya-os-debian) [ ![](https://ra1ahq.blog/images/d/2/5/c/7/d25c7282750b398f71041fb8b90640b692e7e4b8-decibelfmtitle.png) Linux Cinnamon Desktop Applets for Listening to Internet Radio Stations ](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/applety-dlya-rabochego-stola-linux-cinnamon-dlya-proslushivaniya-internet-radiostancii) [ ![No picture](https://ra1ahq.blog/user/themes/mytheme/images/no-image.png) Passing a parameter to a Linux module/driver ](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/peredacha-parametra-modulyu-draiveru-linux) [ ![](https://ra1ahq.blog/images/5/c/4/e/a/5c4ea9c8c3f0b4dd890116d8fe7cbadfdb9814ba-archer-ac600.webp) Installing the TP-Link Archer T600U Nano Wi-Fi adapter driver in Debian 13 "Trixie" ](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/ustanovka-draivera-wi-fi-adaptera-tp-link-archer-t600u-nano-v-debian-13-trixie) [ Backward](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/ustanovka-prilozheniya-win32-v-wine64 "Previuous page") [ Forward ](https://ra1ahq.blog/en/otklyuchenie-fida-novostei-v-windows-10 "Next page") ## Languages - 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