How to update the LXLE Linux operating system based on Ubuntu from version 20.04 to 22.04.
Part 1 - Clean installation LXle 20.04 "Focal".

Introduction

Linux LXle distribution based on Ubuntu with the LXDE desktop for old PCs, laptops and netbooks. It is installed on my ASUS EEE PC. Latest version of LXle is 20.04 "FOCal Fossa" и версии 22.04 "Jammy jellyfish) " does not exist, because the developer quit development. Using the update, moved to 22.04 - all packages are updated. OS is completely working. The article is also suitable for other Ubuntu distributions.

LXLE is a distribution with a minimalist LXDE shell.

Desktop LXDE:

• It is not demanding on the resources of the processor and RAM, great for netbooks.
• based on the GTK library, which continues to develop (the last GTK release 3 days ago)
• at the time of writing the article - develops (the last release lxde 3 months ago).
• LXDE is a more old shell, but is suitable for launching applications when a powerful configuration of appearance is not required in LXQT or KDE.
• Unlike CinnamON and XFCE, LXDE has a more classic appearance of windows like X-applications. (Choosing de is a matter of taste).

Compared toantiX, операционная система LXLE основана не на Debian, а на Ubuntu. У последней лучше обстоят дела с драйверами (есть утилита ubuntu-drivers) and a stable appearance (there is no shift of the shells) and LXDE in ideology is similar to LXQT, but lighter, fast. LXLE is written on a free set of tools for programming the GTK graphic interface. Since the GTK library is written in C, it works as fast as the processor allows.

Other distributions that support the LXDE desktop:
Raspberry Pi (LXDE Desktop)
Debian - классическая ОС, пакетная база DEB-based, имеет вариант ISO-образа с рабочим столом LXDE. Использует систему инициализации служб SystemD.
Devuan - форк Debian, в котором разрабочики избавились от системы инициализации служб SystemD in favor of others: Sysvinit, Openrc or Runit. The default table is XFCE, but the LXDE desktop can also be used. Link:Devuan loading. Runit can be faster than Systemd on the old gland.
Fedora - поддерживаемый сообществом вариант Red Hat, очень активно разрабатываемый дистрибутив на пакетной основе RPM. Требует хорошего Интернет соединения, т.к. большой объём обновлений приходит еженедельно.
Slitaz: extremely small distribution for loading with Live CD
SParkY Linux - простой и красивый дистрибутив на основе Debian из Польши, предлагающий свои репозитории. Как и Debian, использует SystemD.
Alt Linux - Alt Workstation и Simply Linux - Российская ОС, пакетная база RPM-based. Версия "Альт Рабочая станция" платная (~ 5 280 ₽ ).
Gentoo - операционная система стоит особняком, т.к. философия основана на компиляции пакетов на машине, где она будет исползоваться. The ability to install LXDE.
*Opensuse - дистрибутив для опытных пользователей. Менеджеры пакетов и сама пакетная база отличаются от Debian/Ubuntu - используются RPM и Zypper, yaST. Eat Opensuse LiveCd LXDE.

Background

The LXLE version was installed on the PC, which has changed - replaced the sound server from Pulseaudio with Pipewire. На сайте DistrowaTch found a solution for how to update LXDE 04.04 to 22.04:
1) Launch the team sudo do-release-upgrade и дождаться завершения обновления. (Программа сама отключит небезопасные по её мнению PPA-репозитории).
2) in the U-PPA-M utilityanager, заменить текст PPA-репозиториев с "focal" на "jammy" и выполнить обновление apt update && apt upgrade
Source -DISTrowaTch.

Filled according to this scheme. The operating system works, but with some problems .

1) Pipewire осталась версии для 20.04 и не обновляется. Причина в том, что я интегрировал pipewire вместо pulseaudio вручную и программа обновления не смогла обновить pipewirE. Although the sound is, the version remained old. Because of this, the old versions of the libraries "dragged" through the dependences. While I wanted to get a fresh operating system
2) The OS load time after updating the LXLE version from 04.04 to 22.04 increased from 1 minutes 30 seconds to 2 minutes 30 seconds
3) New sections "Others" and "Debian" с ненужными для меня консольными утилитами от Linux DebiaN, for example, a short label, which clogged the Start menu.

Therefore, I decided to install LXle from scratch, then Tombic to figure out PPA-re-repositories, turning off the excess, and update clean LXLE Operational System. Thus, it will turn out to be a pure LXLE 22.04 without tails from the old version 04.04.

Improved installation plan

The plan was developed by me and successfully completed:

0) Record of the loading USB medium for installing the version of the Linux Lxle operating system.
1) The usual clean installation of the LXLE operating system with -loading usb carrier on the hard drive lxle 20.04 "FOCal Fossa".
2) Preparation for updating 20.04 - removing unnecessary programs, Disabling in the settingsapt большого числа внешних репозиториев PPA, чистка каталога /etc/apt/sources.list.d from files *. List with empty contents.
3) Connection to wi-fi and packet update " Do recent versions for 20.04 " FOCal Fossa".
4) Improving the version of the distribution by transition from 04.04 to 22.04 (jammy Jellyfish) при помощи утилиты "do_release_upgrade ".
5) Edit in the files ppa repositories of the version C "FOCal" на "jammy" -> в файлах /etc/apt/sources.list/D
6) Update of the operating system and the remaining packages using "apt upgrade "
7) Reboot the computer . Installation and verification of system time. Final update apt full-upgrade - для Libreoffice
8) Installation in linux lxle additional packages FLatpak, xdg-desktop-portal и из них установка браузеров Chromium и Firefox.

Stage 0. Wrong NSB media

A 16 GB flash drive was used, but you can use any suitable volume, preferably with a good speed and reading speed. For example, I liked it AGI UP138 USB flash drive purchased in DNS.

The ISO-image of the distribution of the operating system took here:https: // sourceforge.net/projects/lxle/files/Final/OS/Focal-64/.

The USB flash drive was recorded in the Linux Mint - launch - standard - recording the image on a USB medium .

Stage 1.

1.1 Determination of the type of section table

Before installing or reinstalling the Linux OS, first you need to determine the type of breakdown of the target disk: MBR or GPT. This can be done either by booting in the existing operating system, or using the USB carrier in the LiveCD graphic ITERPHIS mode in the GP utility arTed -> Information about the device -> "Section table" **.

• inscription "msdos" соответствует mbr.
• The inscription "GPT" speaks for itself.

1.2 download of a personal computer from USB LiveCd

When the computer is launched, ASUS EEEPC pressed the ESC key several times and selected the loading menu from the loading carrier from the USB in MBR mode, because The hard drive is broken with the section tablemsbos (mbr). In other PCs, if the hard drive has a GPT breakdown, select the item with the GPT in the USB disk.

1.3 Choosing a launch option with LiveCd

I chose an installation option for a hard drive - "STart the installer dirEctly ".

1.4 The choice of language

I chose "Russian".

1.5 Choosing keyboard layout

I chose the layout " Russianan" - "Russian ".

1.6 Refusal to connect to Wi-Fi

Connection to the network is not necessary at this stage of installation. Skip the connection to Wi-Fi.

1.7 Refusal of updates and other programs

He took off the checkmarks against the points “Upload updates during the LXLE installation” and “Install third-party software for Wi-Fi graphics and additional media formats.

1.8 type of installation - "other option" or "install nearby" / "erase the disk"

When installing on top of the existing section, I chose "type of installation" - "other option",
since the Linux is installed on top of the existing section.

If you make a full installation with the formatting of the entire disk, there may be a different choice. For example, "install nearby."
In my case, the Linux OS is installed in the only section \ DEV \ SDa7 на жестком диске рядом с Windows 7 (разделы sda1 - sda6).

When choosing a “other option”, installation will be made in the specified section, or there will be the opportunity to break the disk manually.

1.9 choice, where OS will be installed: volume, section, file system and mounting point

The selection of the section where the LXle OS will be installed -:

The parameters of the new section for the Linux lxle:
Size - about 70 GB (all the allotted place of the old section)
SPOLLY how - JOUNCED FILE SYST4

• checkmate format section
• Mounting - / (oblique feature, disk root)
  

At this stage, I simply completed the installation in the existing old LXle section, with the formatting of the section.
Click " Continue " to continue performing the Linux installation master.

1.10 Choosing an hourly belt ("where you are")

I pressed on the map approximately in the area of Moscow, while I got out the time zone " Moscow ",
![Choose_location](choose_location.webp?lightbox&classes=img-zoomable "continue_install" "choose_location")

1.11 Creating a user, indicating his name and password and automatic or manual method (demand password input)

Created the user " user ", his password , and the way to enter " enter the system automatically ":

Continue

1.12 installation

1.13 installation is completed

After the installation is completed, the reloading by pressing the "restart" button

Reboot.

1.14 The first launch

At the first launch, enter the user password. In the future, if the checkbox was installed “entered the system automatically”, the Linux operating system does not request a user, and the desktop immediately appears on the screen.

1.15 Detachment of unnecessary languages

The LXLE operating system contains a command to output the current language. By default, the Russian language was selected during installation.

localectl

To derive all available languages:

localectl list-locaLes | WC -L

At the following stages of updating the system, the generation of files for various languages takes up to 40% of the total installation time. It is advisable to turn off unnecessary languages, for example, African, before the update.

You can disable unnecessary languages using a team and subsequent editing

sudo nano /etc/locaLe.gen

He left only these lines, put a symbol of the comment to the rest - the "#" grate and the gap:
en_US.UTF-8 UTF 8
ru_RU.UTF-8 UTF-8

1.16 The ability to change the layout of the keyboard and language

echo LANG # ru_RU.UTF-8
echo LANGUAGE # ru_RU.ru

For information, commands for setting a language.

sudo localectl set-locale LANG=ru_ru.utf-8
sudo localectl set-locale LANGUAGE=ru_RU.ru

If you want to change the keyboard or tongue settings in the system, complete the command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuraTion

Choice for a stationary computer with a classic keyboard: "Generic 105-kEy PC ",
and for the NITBUK without an additional digital keyboard or for a narrow PC - "Gene keyboard.ric 86-kEy PC ".

The correct values for "language" - russi have already been selected there.an, раскладка клавиатуры - Russian ,
the combination of keys for switching the language alt+shift , a temporary switch between the national and Latin layout - not to indicate.
Klavis, used as altgr is not used- The default keyboard layout (altgr is a key, when holding it, which Russian letters are printed).
component key (for entering Unicode codes, for example, a smile of 263a - there is no composite key
Palize CONTrol+Alt+BackspaCE to interrupt the work of the X-server? no

After completing the update of the triggers, the creation of a new version of the nucleus, the changes will be applied at the next OS load.

1.17 inclusion of the current language indicator on the panel

without fail, add the switch - the keyboard layout indicator ,
which is located in the right corner near the network icons, sound, processor loading.

It displays the current language by the national flag.

Click with the right button in the area on the right side of the system panel and add "keyboard layout processor" :

• Further -See 2 part of the article devoted directly to update 20.04 to 22.04.

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